現(xiàn)在是合伙創(chuàng)業(yè)的新時(shí)代，合伙創(chuàng)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為新時(shí)代成功企業(yè)的標(biāo)配。創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)，一是合伙人，二是股權(quán)。歸根到底，是合伙人股權(quán)。它基本奠定了一家創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)的基因，每個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)者都有一個(gè)IPO的目標(biāo)，希望自己的創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目將來(lái)有一天能去主板或者海外敲鐘。下面
濟(jì)南合伙設(shè)計(jì)公司來(lái)講初創(chuàng)企業(yè)合伙人之間的合理股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)事項(xiàng)。
This is a new era of partnership entrepreneurship, which has become a standard feature for successful enterprises in the new era. The foundation of a start-up enterprise is firstly partners, and secondly equity. Ultimately, it is partner equity. It basically lays the foundation for a startup's genes, and each entrepreneur has an IPO goal, hoping that their entrepreneurial project can one day go to the main board or ring the bell overseas. Below, Jinan Partnership Design Company will discuss the reasonable equity structure matters between startup partners.
創(chuàng)始人在發(fā)起設(shè)立公司時(shí)，如何個(gè)性化的制定公司章程：
How does the founder personalize the formulation of the company's articles of association when initiating the establishment of the company
1）股東持股比例可以與出資比例不一樣
1) The shareholding ratio of shareholders can be different from the contribution ratio
比如說(shuō)，一個(gè)公司注冊(cè)資金1000萬(wàn)，兩個(gè)股東，你出800萬(wàn)，我出200萬(wàn)，正常股權(quán)比例一定是8:2，但是公司法允許這個(gè)哥倆5：5分賬，只要上面這兩人同意，這事誰(shuí)也管不著。因?yàn)檫@種約定是當(dāng)事人各方的真實(shí)意思表示，且未損害他人的利益，也沒(méi)有違法國(guó)家法律法規(guī)，因此是合法有效的。
For example, if a company has a registered capital of 10 million yuan and two shareholders, and you contribute 8 million yuan and I contribute 2 million yuan, the normal equity ratio must be 8:2. However, the company law allows this partner to split the account at 5:5. As long as these two people agree, no one can handle this matter. This agreement is legal and effective because it is the true declaration of will of the parties, does not harm the interests of others, and does not violate national laws and regulations.
2）表決權(quán)可以與出資比例不一致
2) Voting rights may differ from the proportion of capital contribution
《公司法》第42條規(guī)定：股東會(huì)會(huì)議由股東按照出資比例行使表決權(quán)，但是公司章程另有規(guī)定的除外。
Article 42 of the Company Law stipulates that shareholders shall exercise their voting rights at shareholders' meetings in proportion to their capital contributions, except as otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.
《公司法》第34條：股東按照實(shí)繳的出資比例分取紅利;公司新增資本時(shí)，股東有權(quán)優(yōu)先按照實(shí)繳的出資比例認(rèn)繳出資。但是，全體股東約定不按照出資比例分取紅利或者不按照出資比例優(yōu)先認(rèn)繳出資的除外。
Article 34 of the Company Law: Shareholders shall receive dividends in proportion to their actual contributions; When the company increases its capital, shareholders have the right to subscribe to the capital contribution in proportion to their actual contributions. However, unless all shareholders agree not to receive dividends in accordance with the proportion of their capital contributions or do not subscribe to their capital contributions in priority in accordance with the proportion of their capital contributions.
很多創(chuàng)始人在成立公司時(shí)公司章程用的都是工商局的格式文本，往往對(duì)于法律規(guī)定的但是條款都忽略了。
Many founders use the format text of the Industrial and Commercial Bureau when establishing their company's articles of association, often ignoring the legal provisions.
以上列舉的就是一些比較常用的關(guān)于公司章程的但是條款，象其他關(guān)于股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓時(shí)剩余股東的同意權(quán)、優(yōu)先購(gòu)買(mǎi)權(quán)、股東資格的繼承、股東會(huì)的召開(kāi)形式、召開(kāi)期限、對(duì)于董、監(jiān)事、高轉(zhuǎn)讓本公司股權(quán)的限制呀這些都是可以通過(guò)公司章程來(lái)做出約定以確保公司的控制權(quán)。
The above are some commonly used clauses related to the company's articles of association, such as the consent rights of remaining shareholders during equity transfer, the right of first refusal, the inheritance of shareholder qualifications, the form and duration of shareholders' meetings, and restrictions on directors, supervisors, and high transfer of the company's equity. These can be stipulated through the company's articles of association to ensure the company's control.
創(chuàng)始人確?？刂茩?quán)的方式
How founders ensure control
1）投票權(quán)委托的模式
1) The mode of delegation of voting rights
“投票權(quán)委托”就是公司部分股東通過(guò)協(xié)議約定，將其投票權(quán)委托給其他特定股東(如創(chuàng)始股東)行使。
'Voting Authorization' refers to some shareholders of a company entrusting their voting rights to other specific shareholders (such as founding shareholders) through an agreement.
2）一致行動(dòng)人協(xié)議
2) Agreement on concerted action
“一致行動(dòng)人”即通過(guò)協(xié)議約定，某些股東就特定事項(xiàng)采取一致行動(dòng)。意見(jiàn)不一致時(shí)，某些股東跟隨一致行動(dòng)人投票。
The "concerted action person" refers to the person who, through an agreement, certain shareholders take concerted action on specific matters. When there is disagreement, some shareholders follow the consensus to vote.
3）通過(guò)有限合伙持股
3) Shareholding through limited partnership
有限合伙企業(yè)在是一種比較新的企業(yè)形式，有限合伙企業(yè)的合伙人分為普通合伙人(俗稱(chēng)管理合伙人或GP)和有限合伙人(LP)。普通合伙人執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)，承擔(dān)管理職能，而有限合伙人只是作為出資方，不參與企業(yè)管理。
Limited partnership is a relatively new form of enterprise in China. Partners of limited partnership are divided into General partner (commonly known as managing partner or GP) and limited partner (LP). The General partner executes partnership affairs and assumes management functions, while the limited partner is only a contributor and does not participate in enterprise management.
可以讓股東不直接持有公司股權(quán)，而是把股東都放在一個(gè)有限合伙里面，讓這個(gè)有限合伙持有公司股權(quán)，這樣股東就間接持有公司股權(quán)。同時(shí)，讓創(chuàng)始人或其名下公司擔(dān)任GP，控制整個(gè)有限合伙，然后通過(guò)這個(gè)有限合伙持有和控制公司的部分股權(quán)。
Instead of directly holding the company's equity, shareholders can be placed in a limited partnership and let the limited partnership hold the company's equity, so that shareholders can indirectly hold the company's equity. At the same time, let the founder or the company under his name act as GP, control the entire limited partnership, and then hold and control part of the company's equity through this limited partnership.
除創(chuàng)始人之外的其他股東，只能是有限合伙的LP，只享有經(jīng)濟(jì)收益而不參與有限合伙日常管理決策，也就不能通過(guò)有限合伙控制公司。
Other shareholders other than the founder can only be the LP of limited partnership. They only enjoy economic benefits and do not participate in the daily management decisions of limited partnership, so they cannot control the company through limited partnership.
That's all for explaining the reasonable equity structure among startup partners. I hope it can be helpful to you. For more information, please come to our website http://www.qingyanghualv.com consulting service
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